Political and Human Rights Trade-offs: The Case of Iraq-Sweden and Iraq-Germany Assisted Return Frameworks

This report examines how European return policies towards Iraqi migrants generate trade‑offs between state interests in migration control and the protection of fundamental human rights within return programmes. It explores return cases from Sweden and Germany, focusing on Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration (AVRR) schemes and how these are incorporated within…

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Key Insights on Nigeria–EU Migration Cooperation: Sovereignty, Challenges, and Pathways for Sustainable Partnership

This research digest examines the evolving dynamics of Nigeria’s bilateral cooperation with European Union (EU) Member States in the field of migration diplomacy, focusing particularly on return migration policies. Against the backdrop of increasing irregular migration from Nigeria to Europe, this digest explores the complex interplay of political, economic…

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The EU-Georgia readmission agreement as a showcase of the strengths and weaknesses of the EU neighbourhood policy

This research digest examines the EU-Georgia readmission agreement (signed 2011) as a paradigmatic case of EU migration externalisation policy, revealing both its operational success and strategic limitations. Georgia, a small Eastern Partnership country characterized by high emigration (over 20% of its population), has been widely lauded as a EU "success story" for…

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Who Favors Return? Exploring the Drivers of Attitudes Toward Return Migration in Europe

This paper examines the social and contextual determinants of public attitudes toward such returns in five EU member states: Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Poland, and Sweden. Drawing on original survey data, we explore how individual-level characteristics such as…

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Return Migration Infrastructures - WP3 Synthesis Report

This synthesis report is part of Work Package 3 of the GAPs ‘De-centring the Study of Migrant Returns and Readmission Policies in Europe and Beyond’ project. The report focuses on the concept of ‘Return Migration Infrastructures (RMIs)’, aiming to thoroughly study how return migration governance is put into practice at the everyday implementation level…

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