Post-Return Practices and Experiences: WP8 Comparative Report – Survey Study: Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria and Tunisia
Post-Return Practices and Experiences: WP8 Comparative Report – Survey Study: Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria and Tunisia

The key objectives of this comparative survey report are to identify similarities and differences in structural conditions, demographic profiles, and return and reintegration experiences, including levels of hope and resilience during the reintegration phase across four key returnee countries: Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria…

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WP8/ReturneesInside GAPsAfghanistan, BILIM Organization for Research and Social Studies, Sweden, Uppsala University, Iraq, Nigeria, Tunisia
GAPs Indicator Proposal: Adopting Policy Effectiveness Framework into Return Governance
GAPs Indicator Proposal: Adopting Policy Effectiveness Framework into Return Governance

This report presents an indicator proposal to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of return governance by systematically linking policy design, implementation practices, and observable outcomes. Building on the policy effectiveness framework…

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WP9/Alternative PathwaysInside GAPsTurkey, Canada, Germany, Greece, Jordan, Netherlands, Nigeria, Sweden, Georgia, Iraq, Afghanistan, Morocco, Uppsala University, Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC)
Promising Return Practices
Promising Return Practices

This concept note, prepared as part of WP9 of the GAPs project, aims to identify and categorise “good” and “promising” practices regarding coerced returns. Synthesising findings from GAPs Work Packages 2-9, it proposes both an analytical framework and a standardised structure to support a comparative and multi-dimensional mapping of returnrelated practices across selected countries.

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WP9/Alternative PathwaysInside GAPsTurkey, Canada, Germany, Greece, Jordan, Netherlands, Nigeria, Sweden, Georgia, Iraq, Afghanistan, Morocco, Uppsala University, Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC)
Post-Return Practices and Experiences of Returnees in Iraq
Post-Return Practices and Experiences of Returnees in Iraq

This report analyses post-return practices and experiences of Iraqi migrants who returned from European countries within the framework of the GAPs project, based on survey data from 250 returnees across 11 governorates and complementary qualitative insights. It shows that, despite an expanded legal and institutional framework for return governance, weak coordination, limited financial and psychosocial…

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WP8/ReturneesInside GAPsHammurabi Human Rights Organisation (HHRO), Iraq
Post-Return Practices and Experiences of Returnees in Nigeria
Post-Return Practices and Experiences of Returnees in Nigeria

This country survey report examines post-return experiences of Nigerian migrants within the GAPs project, drawing on a mixed-methods study of 288 surveyed returnees and 21 key stakeholders in Lagos, Abuja, Benin, and Owerri. It shows that while national policies and institutions provide a formal framework for return and reintegration, limited coordination, funding, and community engagement…

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WP8/ReturneesInside GAPsNigeria, University of Nigeria
The Financialisation of the EU Governance of Return and Readmission - Concept note
The Financialisation of the EU Governance of Return and Readmission - Concept note

This concept note examines how the European Union’s evolving financial architecture has turned funding into a central tool for governing return and readmission beyond its borders. Tracing four phases from the 1990s to the New Pact on Migration and Asylum, it shows how external migration funding grew from fragmented development aid into a consolidated…

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WP9/Alternative PathwaysInside GAPsTurkey, Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul (SRII)